datetime — Basic date and time types — Python 3.7.2 documentation
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Format codes referring to hours, minutes or seconds will see 0 values. Attributes: , , , , , , , and. By default, datestr returns text in the format, day-month-year hour:minute:second. If you omit fmt, then char must be in the default date format.
This hook gives other kinds of date objects a chance at implementing mixed-type comparison. Each element of DateVector must be a positive or negative integer value except for the seconds element, which can be fractional. If an argument outside those ranges is given, is raised.
Convert date and time to string format - You can include characters such as a hyphen, space, or colon to separate the fields.
The module supplies classes for manipulating dates and times in both simple and complex ways. While date datet time arithmetic is supported, the focus datet the implementation is on efficient attribute extraction for output formatting and manipulation. For related functionality, see also the and modules. An aware object has sufficient knowledge of applicable algorithmic and political time adjustments, such as time zone and daylight saving time information, to locate itself relative to other aware objects. An aware object is used to represent a specific moment in time that is not open to interpretation. Naive objects are easy to understand and to work with, at the cost of ignoring some aspects of reality. For applications requiring aware objects, and objects have an optional time zone information attribute, tzinfo, that can be set to an instance of a subclass of the abstract class. Note that no concrete classes are supplied by the module. Supporting timezones at datet level of detail is required is up to the application. The rules for time adjustment across the world are more political than rational, and there is no standard suitable for every application. The module exports the following constants: datetime. Attributes:, and. Attributes:,,and. Objects of these types are immutable. Objects of the type are always naive. An object of type or may be naive or aware. A object d is aware if d. A object datet is aware if t. datet Objects A object represents a duration, the difference between two dates or times. Arguments may be ints, longs, or floats, and may be positive or negative. Only days, seconds datet microseconds are stored internally. If no argument is a float, the conversion and normalization processes are exact no information is lost. If the normalized value of days lies outside the indicated range, is raised. Note datet normalization of negative values may be surprising at first. Note that, because of normalization, timedelta. This leads to somewhat unusual results for negative timedeltas. Comparisons of objects are supported with the object representing the smaller duration considered to be the smaller timedelta. The latter cases return orrespectively. Note that for very large time intervals greater than 270 years on most platforms this method will lose microsecond accuracy. Objects A object represents a date year, month and day in an idealized calendar, datet current Gregorian calendar indefinitely extended in both directions. January 1 of year 1 is called day number 1, January 2 of year 1 is called day number 2, and so on. See the book for algorithms for converting between proleptic Gregorian ordinals and datet other calendar systems. However, NotImplemented is returned instead if the other comparand has a timetuple attribute. This hook gives other kinds of date objects a chance at implementing mixed-type comparison. The latter cases return orrespectively. Dates can be used as dictionary keys. In Boolean contexts, all objects are considered to be true. datet For any object d, date. For example, date 2002, 12, 4. For example, date 2002, 12, datet. See for a good explanation. For example, date 2002, 12, 4. Format codes referring to hours, minutes or seconds will see 0 values. For a complete list of formatting directives, see section. This makes it possible to specify a format datet for a object when using. Objects A object is a single object containing all the information from a object and a object. Other constructors, all class datet classmethod datetime. This is datet to datetime. If optional datet tz is None or not specified, this is likebut, if possible, supplies more precision than can be gotten from going through a timestamp for example, this may be possible on platforms supplying the C gettimeofday function. In this case the datet is equivalent to tz. In this case the result is equivalent to tz. This may raiseif the timestamp is out of the range of values supported by the platform C gmtime function. The hour, minute, second and microsecond of the result are all 0, and is None. If date is a object, its time components and attributes are ignored. For a complete list of formatting directives, see section. Instance attributes read-only : datetime. Note that no time zone adjustments are done even if the input is an aware object. As for addition, the result has the same attribute as the input datetime, and no time zone adjustments are done even if the input is aware. If one is aware and the other is naive, is raised. No time zone adjustments are done in this case. If one comparand is naive and the other is aware, is raised. If both comparands are aware, and have the same attribute, the common attribute is ignored and the base datetimes are compared. However, NotImplemented is returned instead if the other comparand has a timetuple attribute. This hook gives other kinds of date objects a chance at implementing mixed-type comparison. The latter cases return orrespectively. In Boolean contexts, all objects are considered to be true. The discussion of class explains the cases at Daylight Saving Time transition boundaries where this cannot be achieved an issue only if tz models both standard and daylight time. If you merely want to attach a time zone object tz to a datetime dt without adjustment of date and time data, use dt. If you merely want to remove the time zone object from datet aware datetime dt without conversion of date and time data, use dt. Note that the default method can be overridden in a subclass to affect the result returned by. Ignoring error cases, acts like: def astimezone selftz : if self. For a complete list of formatting directives, see section. This makes it possible to specify a format string for a object when using. Objects A time object represents a local datet of day, independent of any particular day, and subject to adjustment via a object. If an argument datet those ranges is given, is raised. All default to 0 except tzinfo, which defaults to. Instance attributes read-only : time. If one comparand is naive and the other is aware, is raised. If both comparands are aware, and have the same attribute, the common attribute is ignored and the base times are compared. The latter cases return orrespectively. For a complete list of formatting directives, see section. This makes it possible to specify a format string for a object when using. You need to derive a concrete subclass, and at least supply implementations of the standard methods needed by the methods you use. The module does not supply any concrete subclasses of. An instance of a concrete subclass of can be passed to the constructors for and objects. Special requirement for pickling: A subclass must have an method that can be called with no arguments, else it can be pickled but possibly not unpickled again. This is a technical requirement that may be relaxed in the future. A concrete subclass of may need datet implement the following methods. Datet which methods are needed depends on the uses made of aware objects. If in doubt, simply implement all of them. The default implementation of raises. An instance tz of a subclass that models both standard and daylight times must be consistent in this sense: tz. If a subclass cannot guarantee this, it may be able to override the default implementation of to work correctly with astimezone regardless. Note that this is a method rather than a fixed string primarily because some subclasses will wish to return different names depending on the specific value of dt passed, especially if the class is accounting for daylight time. The default implementation of raises. These methods are called by a or datet, in response to their methods of the same names. A object passes itself as the argument, and a object passes None as the argument. When a object is passed in response to a method, dt. The intent is that the methods interpret dt as being in local time, and not need worry about objects in other timezones. Datet is one more method that a subclass may wish to override: tzinfo. When datet from that, dt. Most subclasses should be able to inherit the default implementation without problems. The default implementations of astimezone and may not produce the result you want if the result is one of the hours straddling the moment the standard offset changes. Skipping code for error cases, the default implementation acts like: def datet selfdt : raise ValueError error if dt. It depends on how you want to treat them. The default fromutc implementation called by the default astimezone implementation passes a datetime with dt. In order for astimezone to make this guarantee, the rzinfo. The local wall clock leaps from 1:59 daylight time back to 1:00 standard time again. The Time Zone Database often called tz or zoneinfo contains code and data that represent the datet of local time for many representative locations around the globe. Conversely, the class method creates a object from a string datet a date and time and a corresponding format string. For objects, the format codes for year, month, and day should not be used, as time objects have no such values. For objects, the format codes for hours, minutes, seconds, and microseconds should not be used, as objects have no such values. To see the full set of format codes supported on your platform, consult the strftime 3 documentation. On some platforms such code points are preserved intact in the output, while on others datet may raise or return an empty string instead. The following is a list of all the format codes that the C standard 1989 version requires, and these work on all platforms with a standard C implementation. Note that the 1999 version of the C standard added additional format codes. The exact range of years for which strftime works also varies across platforms. Regardless of platform, years before 1900 cannot be used. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0. All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered datet be in week 0. When used datet the strptime method, the %f directive accepts from one to six digits datet zero pads on the right. Otherwise %Z is replaced by the returned value, which must be a string. Footnotes If, that is, we ignore the effects of Relativity.
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Most subclasses should be able to inherit the default implementation without problems. Their staff is knowledgeable with the most up to date information; willing to go the extra mile to help. If fmt is J, for Julian, then char must be an integer. If in doubt, simply implement all of them. If the minutes element is - 15, then datestr decreases the hours element by 1 and sets the minutes element to 45. These methods are called by a or object, in response to their methods of the same names. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0.
